Primary Sequence, Citabria 7ECA (no inverted fuel/oil)

Bartman

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OK folks! "Primary" category is the introductory level of competitive aerobatics so let's take this one step at a time. I'm open to sharing everything I've figured out so far so that all y'all will go out and first, be safe, and second, be awesome! A lot of you have way more experience than I do so that's where we'll round the curve and get everyone doing the best they can do.

ABOVE ALL ELSE, if you have any doubts about a particular maneuver or how to get started, ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS but also FIND A QUALIFIED INSTRUCTOR to help you and to keep you safe while you learn. Please don't hurt yourself by rushing into this unprepared.

The organization in the United States that organizes competitive aerobatic clubs and contests is the International Aerobatic Club, or IAC. Yes I said "competitive" but the reality is you compete mostly against yourself. In each flight you strive to better your performance from the last flight and with each flight/contest/year you see yourself improving in your scores. If you're moving up in the standings after each contest or moving up to more difficult categories, that is all secondary to what you are doing to make yourself better. It's an important point to make, you are your most important competition.

IAC's homepage

As for instructors, the IAC maintains a list of schools around the world. You can find it here;

In "competitive" (maybe "organized" would be a better word?) aerobatics there are figures which are the maneuvers and there are sequences which are the combinations of figures that make up the routine you'll fly. When you join IAC and can get behind their paywall ((n)) you'll see the sequences that have been published for the different levels of difficulty, Primary, Sportsman, Intermediate, Advanced, Unlimited. We're talking about the Primary sequence here which is perfectly doable in our 115 hp Citabria 7ECA's even without inverted systems.

There are sequences that are published in advance, they're called the "Knowns". There are sequences that are dropped on the competitors the weekend of the contests and that have to be flown that weekend, they're called the "Unknowns". Lastly, there are sequences that the competitors design themselves and they are called the "Free". Primary only uses a known sequence and it's mostly the same each year.

Here is the current Known sequence.
Screen Shot 2021-07-04 at 08.16.19.png

Every sequence actually includes three pages, the A page, the B page, and the C page. The A page is used for scoring, the B page shows the sequence with the wind coming from the right, the C page shows the sequence with the wind coming from the left. There are some differences as to how the sequence should be flown depending on the winds so the Chief Judge at each contest on each day will declare if page B or page C is to be used and you'll have to make some minor adjustments to how you fly the maneuvers based on that. But we're here to decode the perfect loop, roll, etc so let's not worry about the subtleties of nailing the perfect sequence just yet.

In the next post we'll go through the sequence and look at each maneuver. Once we've done that all y'all can start in with the comments and questions at which point I'll be learning with the rest of you!
 
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So, to review, the IAC is the group that organizes and promotes "competitive" aerobatics in the US. A sequence is built from individual figures and a contest will include Known, Unknown, and Free sequences. Primary pilots only fly a Known sequence. Sequences are flown according to the B and C sheets depending on from which direction the wind is coming. Let's move on to the individual figures.

Figures are drawn using a visual language called Aresti. You can click ARESTI LANGUAGE to learn more about it but suffice it to say that all of the figures used in organized aerobatics can be drawn using some combination of Aresti symbology.

In the current Primary Known sequence there are six figures. They are;
1. 45 degree upline
2. 1 1/2 turn spin
3. Half cuban eight
4. Loop
5. 180 degree competition turn
6. Slow roll

Preceding the first figure there is a box entry and at any point in the sequence the pilot can take a "break", exit the box, regroup/reposition, and then re-enter the box to continue/finish the sequence. It's all very laid back if you remember what your options are.

Regarding the aerobatic box, for the Primary category it is 1000 meters wide by 1000 meters deep with a floor of 1500' AGL and a top of 3500' AGL. Prior to trying to fly a complete sequence at those altitudes you should be learning and practicing at higher altitudes for additional safety factor. I typically climb to 4000' or higher before practicing aerobatics.

Here's a video from 2011 of the Primary sequence being flown by Royce in a 7ECA

The individual figures aren't particularly difficult to do but it is challenging to do them well! Combine that challenge with the environment of flying in front of a group of judges, having to fly all six figures together and the need to place them nicely in the box so that your performance looks balanced and well controlled and you can see how some people would rather not!

My approach has been to not rush to any particular contest or practice event, to work my way through the individual figures until I don't feel like I'm falling behind the airplane, and to only start combining figures when I'm able to exit a figure with the same SA I had when I started it. I've prioritized being safe over everything else so I might come across as being a bit of a chicken but I'm trying to not be that airline guy that kills himself trying to teach himself aerobatics. The instructor I've flown with has been super helpful and it's allowed me to go out and expand my envelope little by little on my own. That's just how I've done it so far, you might find something else like a structured aerobatics instruction program is better for you. Do what works for you but be safe at all times! Please 🙏

So let's talk about the figures already!
 
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OK folks! "Primary" category is the introductory level of competitive aerobatics so let's take this one step at a time. I'm open to sharing everything I've figured out so far so that all y'all will go out and first, be safe, and second, be awesome! A lot of you have way more experience than I do so that's where we'll round the curve and get everyone doing the best they can do.

ABOVE ALL ELSE, if you have any doubts about a particular maneuver or how to get started, ASK A LOT OF QUESTIONS but also FIND A QUALIFIED INSTRUCTOR to help you and to keep you safe while you learn. Please don't hurt yourself by rushing into this unprepared.

The organization in the United States that organizes competitive aerobatic clubs and contests is the International Aerobatic Club, or IAC. Yes I said "competitive" but the reality is you compete mostly against yourself. In each flight you strive to better your performance from the last flight and with each flight/contest/year you see yourself improving in your scores. If you're moving up in the standings after each contest or moving up to more difficult categories, that is all secondary to what you are doing to make yourself better. It's an important point to make, you are your most important competition.

IAC's homepage

As for instructors, the IAC maintains a list of schools around the world. You can find it here;

In "competitive" (maybe "organized" would be a better word?) aerobatics there are figures which are the maneuvers and there are sequences which are the combinations of figures that make up the routine you'll fly. When you join IAC and can get behind their paywall ((n)) you'll see the sequences that have been published for the different levels of difficulty, Primary, Sportsman, Intermediate, Advanced, Unlimited. We're talking about the Primary sequence here which is perfectly doable in our 115 hp Citabria 7ECA's even without inverted systems.

There are sequences that are published in advance, they're called the "Knowns". There are sequences that are dropped on the competitors the weekend of the contests and that have to be flown that weekend, they're called the "Unknowns". Lastly, there are sequences that the competitors design themselves and they are called the "Free". Primary only uses a known sequence and it's mostly the same each year.

Here is the current Known sequence.
View attachment 3832

Every sequence actually includes three pages, the A page, the B page, and the C page. The A page is used for scoring, the B page shows the sequence with the wind coming from the right, the C page shows the sequence with the wind coming from the left. There are some differences as to how the sequence should be flown depending on the winds so the Chief Judge at each contest on each day will declare if page B or page C is to be used and you'll have to make some minor adjustments to how you fly the maneuvers based on that. But we're here to decode the perfect loop, roll, etc so let's not worry about the subtleties of nailing the perfect sequence just yet.

In the next post we'll go through the sequence and look at each maneuver. Once we've done that all y'all can start in with the comments and questions at which point I'll be learning with the rest of you!

Thanks a lot for posting this, an aerobatics CFI and I printed it up and he explained how to read it. We'd previously done all these maneuvers together separately, so I went out and gave it a whirl, a swoop, and a dive. Fun stuff!
 
Would it be better to leave this thread for discussing the sequence as a whole and tricks to make it better with new threads for each figure? If so, I can move the spin posts to a new thread just for spins.
 
Would it be better to leave this thread for discussing the sequence as a whole and tricks to make it better with new threads for each figure? If so, I can move the spin posts to a new thread just for spins.

I think it makes perfect sense to have individual threads dedicated to individual aerobatic figures. In this manner, they become the canonical internet resources on how to do said figures. In addition, the threads will stay useful into the future, whereas if the convo stays here it will be buried as time goes by as the 2021 sequence becomes increasingly stale.

Perhaps at the same time update your top post to include links to the topics on individual maneuvers?
 
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ok, let's do that then. thanks. feel free to start a new thread for the individual figures if i haven't gotten to it yet.
 
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