Wheel Landings & Rear Cockpit Landings

VaporGlobalAviation

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Is it me, or does the Citabria hate wheel landings? Those spring steel gear legs seem to firm. I almost have to do a three pointer, then lift the tail… puzzling…

Also, any advice on rear cockpit landings when teaching?
 
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It is you.

Just kidding. Sort of.

Assuming your basic technique is correct and speed is correct, the best tip I ever got is to focus on the far end of the runway.

In my Decathlon, I always do a 3 point and a wheel landing when I arrive at my home airfield, so that I do not grow to favor one type.
 
Practice, practice.

The Decathlon requires serious finesse - try it first with power, and on touchdown just think forward pressure - do not jam the stick forward. Takes a while to get good. Flies the same from either seat, but toe brakes in the back SUCK.
 
What they said. Last year I was in my airplane for 750 landings, all but a few from the back seat. Find the attitude you need and look outside. That airspeed indicator (when you can see it) will not help you make a good landing.
 
Practice, practice.

The Decathlon requires serious finesse - try it first with power, and on touchdown just think forward pressure - do not jam the stick forward. Takes a while to get good. Flies the same from either seat, but toe brakes in the back SUCK.

I have heel brakes.
 
You lucky dog. Some 1977 Decs had heel; others toe. Toe are harder to maintain, and in my opinion harder to use. It took me six months to quit digging my heels in on rollout.
Never had that trouble in nosewheels or jets - just tandem taildraggers. God intended heel brakes for tandem taildraggers.
 
Is it me, or does the Citabria hate wheel landings? Those spring steel gear legs seem to firm. I almost have to do a three pointer, then lift the tail… puzzling…

Also, any advice on rear cockpit landings when teaching?


My Citabria loves wheel landings. I'm not one to be giving advice on tailwheel flying as I just got my endorsement a year ago but I've had excellent instruction and have put around 80 hours on my Citabria in the last year. A big part of that time has been in the pattern at my hard surfaced airport (KXBP) however, I do frequent grass strips with T&G's and full stops. With all the gusty and cross winds I've been exposed to here in North Texas during my training, I most definitely prefer wheel landings, especially on asphalt!
 
Practice, practice.

The Decathlon requires serious finesse - try it first with power, and on touchdown just think forward pressure - do not jam the stick forward. Takes a while to get good. Flies the same from either seat, but toe brakes in the back SUCK.
I agree with the back seat toe brakes!
 
Here is a description of a Power On Wheel Landing that I give my Tailwheel Students.

A Power on Wheel Landing starts by establishing slow flight down the runway at a very low altitude (6 to 12 inches). Once the slow flight is stabilized start descending 1 to 2 inches at a time until the main wheels touch the runway. As the wheels touch, apply forward pressure on the stick to ensure the airplane stays on the ground and reduce the throttle to idle. The first few times this is attempted you will use up a lot of runway, that is ok and should be expected. In fact, you may not land in your first couple of attempts and a go around may be in order.

To set up for a Power on Wheel Landing, use a shallower than normal approach and feed in power a little at a time to arrive over the runway at a slow flight speed.

Patience, this is a maneuver that requires patience. The most common mistake is to try to land before the slow flight is stabilized. Remember, you have the entire length of the runway to land; this is not a short field maneuver. If you near the end of the runway go around and try it again.

Once you have stabilized in slow flight just above the runway at a speed that allows for the gusts then and only then should you attempt to touch your wheels to the runway. The preferred method for touching the main wheels on the runway is; once the slow flight is stabilized, move the stick forward about an inch or 2 and move it back to its original position. This will cause the airplane to descend about an inch or two. When you are stabilized again, move the stick forward then back again. Keep doing this until the mains kiss the runway. When done properly the mains will touch with no or almost no rate of descent. As the mains touch add just enough forward pressure on the stick to insure the wheels stay in contact with the runway, reduce the power to idle and be proactive with your left foot.

Some points to remember:

Get the mind set that you are NOT going to land. You are going to establish slow
flight just above the runway. You must have the patience to stabilize before trying
to touch down.
The first few times that you try this you will use a lot of runway. The runway use will
become less and less with practice.

If you have a rate of descent when you touch down the tail will be whipped down and a bounce will occur. It is important to descend an inch or two at a time to keep this from happening.

Add forward pressure the instant the wheels touch but do not anticipate them
touching. If you add forward pressure before the wheels touch you will bounce.
Wait; have patience, and just as the wheels touch add forward pressure.

When you reduce power to idle the nose will go right. As you reduce power lead
with your left foot (just the opposite of adding power).

Once you are on the ground you are in a most precarious position; you are rolling down the runway with your tailwheel in the air. All you have for directional control is the rudder (and the brakes but the brakes must be used with extreme caution if at all to keep from over controlling the directional control and to keep from going over on the nose). At this point, rolling down the runway with the tail in the air your second most important consideration (the first is Rule number 11: Keep it straight) is to get the tailwheel on the ground as soon as practicable to assist in steering. You want to lower the tail as soon as possible without flying again and before it falls on its own. If the tail comes down on its own it is because the elevator becomes ineffective and will not keep the tail up and if the elevator is ineffective then chances are the rudder is also ineffective and will not provide steering. The most critical point in wheel landings is the transition from tail up to tail down. Also, when the tail comes down the nose is going to want to go right so lead with your left foot. If you control when the tail comes down you can be proactive with the left rudder. Once the tail is on the ground the stick should be all the way back and held there, Rule number 12: Keep the stick back and pay attention until you are tied down.
 
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Here is a description of a Power On Wheel Landing that I give my Tailwheel Students.
Excellent!

... Add forward pressure the instant the wheels touch but do not anticipate them
touching. If you add forward pressure before the wheels touch you will bounce.
Wait; have patience, and just as the wheels touch add forward pressure.
You've got it covered however I also say: "If you add forward pressure after the wheels touch then you are too late, it has already bounced."

The most critical point in wheel landings is the transition from tail up to tail down.
I discuss it but start with the comment that once the main wheels are on the ground the rest is easy (by comparison).

Rule number 12: Keep the stick back and pay attention until you are tied down.
Somewhat similar to my rule #1: Keep the stick back at all times, from before engine start until after shutdown, unless you have a good reason otherwise.
 
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